Help talk:Citation Style 1

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Frequently asked questions

I would like to add a free-to-read publisher to the DOI prefix list in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration: Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration needs the 10.xxxx/... part of the DOI associated with the publisher. All the publications of the publisher must be free-to read. Once that is done, the xxxx part can be added to the list under local function build_free_doi_registrants_table(). Also leave a note at User talk:Citation bot.
I would like to add a free-to-read journal to the DOI prefix list in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration: Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration needs the 10.xxxx/yyyy part of the DOI associated with the journal. All the articles associated with that DOI pattern must be free-to read. Once that is done, the xxxx/yyyy parts can be added to the list under local extended_registrants_t = { with the format ['XXXX'] = {'YYYY'},. If there are multiple journals with the same DOI prefix, they can be grouped together with the format ['XXXX'] = {'YYYY', 'ZZZZ', '...'},. Also leave a note at User talk:Citation bot.
I would like to add a geo-dead/geo-access URL keyword: Previous discussions have come to the conclusion that this is not workable. Websites change which regions can access them regularly, and these websites are regardless not fundamentally dead.
I would like support for PDF page numbers: The specific page of a specific PDF may change between clients with the same file or files with the same client. Consider using a |chapter= or |quote= instead.
I would like my change done now: Local consensus is that these modules sync from their sandboxes approximately once every 3-6 months. This is due to complexity of changes, the number of transclusions these modules have, and to be sure sufficient consensus exists for a change.
I don't like (identifier) in the links to identifier pages: This is done to differentiate identifier links (... lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.^{<ref>Linden, David van der. (2015) ... doi:10.18352/dze.10126</ref>} ... ) from prose links (... the digital object identifier was introduced in 2000 by ... ) in Special:WhatLinksHere.

combined location and publisher in |publisher=

Recently I have been encountering templates like this one:

{{Cite book |first=Garth |last=Watson |title=The Civils |publisher=London: Thomas Telford Ltd |page=251 |year=1988 |isbn=0-7277-0392-7}}

where the location of the publisher and the name of the publisher are both shoehorned into |publisher=. Doing this corrupts the template's publisher metadata:

&rft.pub=London%3A+Thomas+Telford+Ltd

when it should be:

&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Thomas+Telford+Ltd

This search (times out) finds about 6100 articles where {{cite book}} has |publisher=<some text>:<some other text>. That isn't a perfect search; it finds stuff like |publisher=[[:ja:講談社現代新書]] but Lua code can do better.

Should we catch these and put them in a maintenance category?

—Trappist the monk (talk) 23:26, 13 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

A maintenance category sounds like a good idea. -- LCU ActivelyDisinterested «@» °∆t° 13:14, 14 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Maintenance to start, yes. After a few AWB runs, we'll have a better idea of what sort of crap is left in it. Headbomb {t · c · p · b} 14:50, 14 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Sounds good to me, too. Some botly cleanup of this might be possible to an extent, but I see junk entries in conflicting formats sometimes, e.g. not just "London: Penguin" but "Penguin: London", "Penguin (London)", "London, Penguin", "Penguin London", etc. It would probably eliminate a large blob of them, though, to look for "publisher=" (with extraneous spacing collapsed), followed by major publishing cities (like London, Edinburgh, Paris, Leiden, Milan, Barcelona, New York, Chicago, Boston, etc.) followed by colon-space or space-colon-space, followed by alphanumerics that indicate the actual publisher. — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼 21:07, 17 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

In the sandbox. The test is constrained to {{cite book}}, {{cite encyclopedia}}, and {{citation}} without a periodical parameter. The text strings on either side of the colon may be wikilinked:

{{cite book/new |title=Title |publisher=London: Virgin Books}}

Title. London: Virgin Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

{{cite book/new |title=Title |publisher=[[London]]: Virgin Books}}

Title. London: Virgin Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

{{cite encyclopedia/new |title=Title |publisher=London: [[Virgin Books]]}}

Title. London: Virgin Books.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

{{citation/new |title=Title |publisher=[[:en:London|London]] : [[Virgin Books]]}}

Title, London : Virgin Books{{citation}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

Articles with this maintenance issue will be categorized in Category:CS1 maint: Publisher location. Better name?

There are publisher names that have a colon:

{{cite book/new |title=Title |publisher=29:11 Publications}}

Title. 29:11 Publications.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

The maintenance message can be suppressed for these with the accept-as-written markup:

{{cite book/new |title=Title |publisher=((29:11 Publications))}}

Title. 29:11 Publications.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 17:10, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

This is mostly caused by using Citoid with Worldcat. Izno (talk) 03:26, 1 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Initials in Vancouver style authors?

Greetings and felicitations. I take it from my edit of tungsten that more than two consecutive initials in Vancouver formatted authors is currently not permitted? (The author in question lists three (two middle ones).) —DocWatson42 (talk) 00:11, 25 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

See the definitive documentation for Vancouver style author (and other) names. cs1|2 does not want you to terminate the |vauthors= namelist with a dot. Terminal punctuation is dependant on cs1 or cs2 style so the cs1|2 template will apply the appropriate terminator.

Interestingly, PMC and PMID example cites often ignore the two-initial rule. Don't know why they can't be bothered to follow their own rules.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 00:31, 25 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Okay. I thought it was the template, not the style. —DocWatson42 (talk) 00:41, 25 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

@Trappist the monk:, do we keep track of double bracketed authors in |vauthors=((Author))? A lost of people are just bypassing the error instead of fixing it. Headbomb {t · c · p · b} 03:33, 25 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

We do not. Here are some quick and dirty searches for |vauthors= and |veditors= with accept-as-written markup:

~2800 articles use |vauthors= that have accept-as-written markup
~85 articles use |veditors= that have accept-as-written markup
~570 articles use |vauthors= where three or more uppercase letters preceding the accept-as-written markup closing ))
~20 articles use |veditors= where three or more uppercase letters preceding the accept-as-written markup closing ))

So, I guess the question is: should we track these? If we are to track accept-as-written markup in the Vancouver-style name-list parameters, which of the above should we track? Any using accept-as-written markup? Any where three or more uppercase letters precede the closing accept-as-written markup? Some other that I haven't thought of?

—Trappist the monk (talk) 17:38, 25 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Tracking all cases would be good, IMO. Then as we work through them, maybe the logic could be refined. Headbomb {t · c · p · b} 16:04, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

In the sandbox:

{{cite book/new |title=Title |vauthors=((Green ABC))}}

Green ABC. Title.

'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000009E-QINU`"'<cite id="CITEREFGreen_ABC" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-vanc-accept">Green ABC. ''Title''.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Title&rft.au=Green+ABC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelp+talk%3ACitation+Style+1" class="Z3988"></span>

{{cite book/new |title=Title |veditors=((Green ABC))}}

Green ABC (ed.). Title.

'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-000000A2-QINU`"'<cite id="CITEREFGreen_ABC" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-vanc-accept">Green ABC (ed.). ''Title''.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Title&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelp+talk%3ACitation+Style+1" class="Z3988"></span>

Use of accept-as-written markup in |vauthors= and |veditors= will be tracked in Category:CS1:Vancouver names with accept markup; a properties category. When live, templates using the accept-as-written markup in Vancouver name-list parameters will have the class= attribute cs1-prop-vanc-accept in the <cite> tag. These templates can be highlighted using personal css; see Help:CS1 errors § Properties category highlighting.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 18:02, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

((value))

Hi, how do I use this to 'use as written'? Many thanks in advance. Fortuna, Imperatrix Mundi 13:11, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Any additional context? -- LCU ActivelyDisinterested «@» °∆t° 14:51, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

The template {{cite news}} throws up a CS1 maint: numeric names error when the |title= parameter contains numbers as well as letters. According to this page, the error report can be suppressed using ((value)). But how, exactly, it doesn't say... Fortuna, Imperatrix Mundi 15:28, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

That maintnance message (not an error message) does not come from |title=. I presume that you mean |author= or a related parameter. Real live examples with links to articles where you are experiencing problems are always helpful.

First check the name. Names with digits are comparatively rare. Is the name really supposed to have digits in it? If the name is not supposed to have digits, replace it with the appropriate name. If the name really is supposed to have digits then write:

|author=((<name with digits>)).

—Trappist the monk (talk) 15:48, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Thanks Trappist, that's extremely helpful, many thanks! Fortuna, Imperatrix Mundi 16:40, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

As Trappist the monk pointed out, authors with digits are rare. In your case:

{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/leadership/review.shtml|title=The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest|last=((BBC Politics 97))|publisher=BBC|date=1997|access-date=26 March 2025}}
- BBC Politics 97 (1997). "The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest". BBC. Retrieved 26 March 2025.

I think the following would be more appropriate:

{{cite web|author=Anon.|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/leadership/review.shtml|title=The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest|website=Politics 97|publisher=BBC|date=1997|access-date=26 March 2025}}
- Anon. (1997). "The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest". Politics 97. BBC. Retrieved 26 March 2025.

-- Michael Bednarek (talk) 02:04, 27 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

I more-or-less agree except for the |author=Anon. bit. Anon. is nowhere credited in the source as the author so we should not be inventing such a credit.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 02:56, 27 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

A work without a credited author is by Anon., no? Avoiding |author=Anon. requires a clumsy construct with {{harvid}} which will lead to an unclear chain of shortened footnotes:^[1]

References

^ Politics 97.

{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/leadership/review.shtml|title=The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest|website=Politics 97|ref={{harvid|Politics 97}}|publisher=BBC|date=1997|access-date=26 March 2025}}
- "The 1997 Conservative Leadership Contest". Politics 97. BBC. 1997. Retrieved 26 March 2025.

-- Michael Bednarek (talk) 07:05, 27 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

What if a book is in multiple languages?

1101 (talk) 07:05, 29 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

You can comma-separate a list of languages, see Template:Cite book/doc. Thincat (talk) 08:21, 29 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Note that if the book is a collection of separately-authored chapters, you'll probably be citing a chapter rather than the book. Kanguole 10:15, 29 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Proposal: add doi=, pmc=, and pmid= parameters to Template:Cite bioRxiv and other templates for preprint repositories

Since 2023, the National Library of Medicine has been indexing preprints on bioRxiv, medRxiv, arXiv, and Research Square that receive NIH funding on PubMed and PMC and is assigning a DOI to them that is the same as the preprint ID.[1] An example of this is this paper. Note that since it is on PMC, there is a free full version of the text on PMC, so maybe including pmc= should make title= link to the PMC page like the cite journal template does. For doi=, maybe make it so that either bioRxiv=/etc. or doi= can be used, but not both, since they link to the same page. The DOI/bioRxiv/etc., PMCID, and PMID should display in the same order as what the cite journal template displays. I have used the preprint I linked on the article "1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak" (it is ref 17) but the citation is incomplete given the current restrictions, so I think it would be good to fix this. Velayinosu (talk) 01:09, 31 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

URL status language change request

Moved to Wikipedia:Village pump (technical) § URL status language change request

– ^[4-1] Sdkb ^talk 03:13, 1 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Affiliation?

It is common for textbooks to be published under the auspices of a university but printed by an external publisher.An example^[1] is a textbook written at the Department of Mathematics, Harvard University but published by Jones and Bartlett. The obvious parameter, |institution=Department of Mathematics, [[Harvard University]] won't work because |institution= is an alias of |publisher=. -- Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz Username:Chatul (talk) 18:47, 2 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

That's because "affiliation" is bibliographically irrelevant and is not information that needs to be included. Headbomb {t · c · p · b} 18:57, 2 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

References

^ LOOMIS, LYNN H.; STERNBERG, SHLOMO (1989). Advanced Calculus (PDF) (Revised ed.). Jones and Bartlett. Retrieved April 2, 2025.

module suite update 12–13 April 2025

I propose to update the cs1|2 module suite over the weekend 12–13 April 2025. Here are the changes:

Module:Citation/CS1:

add module entry points; discussion
tighten protocol-relative url-in-title test; discussion
emit error message when isbn present for pre-1965 publication date; discussion
add maintenance category for |publisher= with location + publisher; discussion
properties category for |vauthors= and |veditors= that use accept-as-written markup; discussion

Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration:

add free doi prefix recognition for
Advanced Electronic Materials, Learned Publishing

Natural Language Processing, Natural Language Processing Journal

Documenta Mathematica, EMS Magazine, Algebraic Geometry
emit error message when isbn present for pre-1965 pub date
add maintenance category for |publisher= with location + publisher
properties category for |vauthors= and |veditors= that use accept-as-written markup

Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers:

emit error message when isbn present for pre-1965 pub date

Module:Citation/CS1/COinS:

strip html markup from |pages=; discussion

—Trappist the monk (talk) 00:15, 6 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

ISSN Link Correction in module:Citation/CS1/Configuration

The ISSN link should be corrected from https://www.worldcat.org/issn to https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/. The first link leads to a general search engine, while the second directs to the official ISSN database page for the journal. Mohammed Qays (🗣) 17:21, 8 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Sort of discussed at Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 80 § ISSN in portal.issn.org not in WorldCat. There was no consensus at that discussion to modify how cs1|2 links |issn= values.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 17:54, 8 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

@Trappist the monk see ISSN (P236) Mohammed Qays (🗣) 18:00, 8 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

What wikidata chooses to do has no relevance at en.wiki and certainly does not constitute consensus here.

—Trappist the monk (talk) 18:18, 8 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

I'd support the change personally, per WP:POLA, irrespective of what Wikidata does. Headbomb {t · c · p · b} 18:29, 8 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

OCLC value limit needs to be increased

The OCLC value limit needs to be increased. Per Help:CS1 errors, it is currently set at 10450000000, and I have inputted a correct OCLC value that surpasses the current limit and thus it is telling me there is an error.

Nichols, David (December 2024). "Affect, Repetition, and Eroticized State Violence in El Salvador's Prisons". Social Text. 42 (4): 1–32. doi:10.1215/01642472-11369764. ISSN 0164-2472. OCLC 10462479762.

I checked the CS1 error help page and it said I should report the issue here. PizzaKing13 (¡Hablame!) 🍕👑 20:46, 11 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

"n.d.a", "n.d. a", or "n.d.-a"

Coming from Module talk:Footnotes#"n.d.a" vs. "n.d. a"

How should CS1 and the harv/sfn templates handle author-date citations where there are multiple sources with the same author and no date? CS1 (and major citation methods) append a letter to YYYY years, so two 1997 dates become 1997a & 1997b. For citations with no date, CS1 accepts n.d. (or nd). For multiple citations with no date, CS1 only accepts n.d.a. An editor at Module talk:Footnotes explains, 'But I don't think most people would write "n.d.a", which looks like the a is part of an acronym.' This is probably true. Only 45 articles use {{cite web}} and "n.d.a". A spaced format was suggested: '"n.d. a" is much clearer. I would suggest that both should be allowed, as should "nd a" in contrast to "nda"' Looking into major citation styles, they suggest "n.d.-a".^APACMOS[2] Whatever solution would be implemented for the short citations should match the solution for the full citations. I would prefer a single method to a bunch of methods, personally. Whatever method is expected for CS1 should probably be spelled out somewhere in the documentation, but I don't see it. Rjjⁱⁱⁱ (talk) 03:28, 12 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

[FOOTNOTEPolitics_97-1] Politics 97.

[2] LOOMIS, LYNN H.; STERNBERG, SHLOMO (1989). Advanced Calculus (PDF) (Revised ed.). Jones and Bartlett. Retrieved April 2, 2025.

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